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278 - Wmi - Iniciar y detener servicios de windows

Ejemplo que utiliza Wmi ( Windows Management Instrumentation ) para iniciar y detener servicios del sistema

Lo siguiente permite detener e iniciar servicios del sistema, pero una cosa importante es que los mismos si tienen dependencias de otros servicios es posible que no se puedan detener.

Para ver mas ejemplos con su documentaqción ( en inglés ), en este enlace de la web de Microsoft hay mucha información sobre este tema: Wmi servicios de windows

La función de ejemplo para detener e iniciar los servicios

Option Explicit Enum E_Accion StopService = 0 'Detiene el servicio StartService = 1 'Inicia el servicio End Enum Private Sub Stop_Start_Service(Accion As E_Accion, Name_Servicio As String) Dim Obj_Wmi As Object Dim Col_Servicios As Object Dim El_Servicio As Object Set Obj_Wmi = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\.\root\cimv2") Set Col_Servicios = Obj_Wmi.ExecQuery( _ "Select * from Win32_Service Where Name ='" & Name_Servicio & "'") For Each El_Servicio In Col_Servicios If Accion = 0 Then 'Detiene el servicio El_Servicio.StopService DoEvents MsgBox " Se detuvo el Name_Servicio : " & Name_Servicio, vbInformation Else ' Inicia el servicio El_Servicio.StartService DoEvents MsgBox " Se inició el Name_Servicio : " & Name_Servicio, vbInformation End If Next End Sub

Ejemplos

Detiene e inicia el servicio encargado de los temas de windows XP . servicio : Themes

'start
Private Sub Command1_Click()
    Call Stop_Start_Service(StartService, "Themes")
End Sub

' Stop
Private Sub Command2_Click()
    Call Stop_Start_Service(StopService, "Themes")
End Sub

Lo siguiente inicia y detiene el servicio encargado de las actualizaciones automáticas de windows. El nombre de dicho servicio es wuauserv

'start
Private Sub Command1_Click()
    Call Stop_Start_Service(StartService, "wuauserv")
End Sub

' Stop
Private Sub Command2_Click()
    Call Stop_Start_Service(StopService, "wuauserv")
End Sub

Detiene e inicia el audio de windows ( solo para los programas, no el audio de windows ) Nombre del servicio AudioSrv

'start
Private Sub Command1_Click()
    Call Stop_Start_Service(StartService, "AudioSrv")
End Sub

' Stop
Private Sub Command2_Click()
    Call Stop_Start_Service(StopService, "AudioSrv")
End Sub

Nota: para obtener los nombres de los mismos, lo podés acceder desde el panel de control, Herramientas administrativas, servicios

Obtener información detallada de un servicio mediante la Api de windows

Ejemplo de la knowledge base de Microsoft , que muestra como listar en un control Listbox, información y detalles de un servicio en un sistema windows NT.

El código fuente utiliza las funciones del api :

QueryServiceStatus : para consultar el estado
OpenService : Para abrir el servicio que se va a consultar
QueryServiceConfig : Api que obtiene la configuración

Código fuente en el formulario con un control Combo1

Option Explicit ' declaraciones del api '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' cierra el identificador del servicio Private Declare Function CloseServiceHandle Lib "advapi32.dll" _ (ByVal hSCObject As Long) As Long ' consulta el estado, si está detenido, en pausa etc.. Private Declare Function QueryServiceStatus Lib "advapi32.dll" _ (ByVal hService As Long, _ lpServiceStatus As SERVICE_STATUS) As Long ' abre un servicio Private Declare Function OpenService Lib "advapi32.dll" _ Alias "OpenServiceA" _ (ByVal hSCManager As Long, _ ByVal lpServiceName As String, _ ByVal dwDesiredAccess As Long) As Long Private Declare Function OpenSCManager Lib "advapi32.dll" _ Alias "OpenSCManagerA" _ (ByVal lpMachineName As String, _ ByVal lpDatabaseName As String, _ ByVal dwDesiredAccess As Long) As Long ' consulta la configuración Private Declare Function QueryServiceConfig Lib "advapi32.dll" _ Alias "QueryServiceConfigA" _ (ByVal hService As Long, _ lpServiceConfig As Byte, _ ByVal cbBufSize As Long, _ pcbBytesNeeded As Long) As Long Private Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib "KERNEL32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" _ (hpvDest As Any, _ hpvSource As Any, _ ByVal cbCopy As Long) Private Declare Function lstrcpy Lib "KERNEL32" Alias "lstrcpyA" _ (ByVal lpString1 As String, _ ByVal lpString2 As Long) As Long ' UDT '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 'type para el estado Private Type SERVICE_STATUS dwServiceType As Long dwCurrentState As Long dwControlsAccepted As Long dwWin32ExitCode As Long dwServiceSpecificExitCode As Long dwCheckPoint As Long dwWaitHint As Long End Type 'type para los datos de configuración Private Type QUERY_SERVICE_CONFIG dwServiceType As Long dwStartType As Long dwErrorControl As Long lpBinaryPathName As Long 'String lpLoadOrderGroup As Long ' String dwTagId As Long lpDependencies As Long 'String lpServiceStartName As Long 'String lpDisplayName As Long 'String End Type ' constantes '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Private Const SERVICE_STOPPED = &H1 Private Const SERVICE_START_PENDING = &H2 Private Const SERVICE_STOP_PENDING = &H3 Private Const SERVICE_RUNNING = &H4 Private Const SERVICE_CONTINUE_PENDING = &H5 Private Const SERVICE_PAUSE_PENDING = &H6 Private Const SERVICE_PAUSED = &H7 Private Const SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP = &H1 Private Const SERVICE_ACCEPT_PAUSE_CONTINUE = &H2 Private Const SERVICE_ACCEPT_SHUTDOWN = &H4 Private Const SC_MANAGER_CONNECT = &H1 Private Const SERVICE_INTERROGATE = &H80 Private Const GENERIC_READ = &H80000000 Private Const ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER = 122 Private Sub Obtener_Info_Service(servicio As String) Dim hSCM As Long Dim hSVC As Long Dim pSTATUS As SERVICE_STATUS Dim udtConfig As QUERY_SERVICE_CONFIG Dim lRet As Long Dim lBytesNeeded As Long Dim sTemp As String Dim pFileName As Long List1.Clear ' manejador de servicios hSCM = OpenSCManager(vbNullString, vbNullString, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT) ' .. si es 0 es por que hubo error If hSCM = 0 Then MsgBox "Error - " & Err.LastDllError End If ' abre el service indicado y retorna el handle hSVC = OpenService(hSCM, Trim(servicio), GENERIC_READ) ' .. si es 0 es por que hubo error If hSVC = 0 Then MsgBox "Error - " & Err.LastDllError GoTo CloseHandles End If ' obtiene el status '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' lRet = QueryServiceStatus(hSVC, pSTATUS) If lRet = 0 Then MsgBox "Error - " & Err.LastDllError GoTo CloseHandles End If Select Case pSTATUS.dwCurrentState Case SERVICE_STOPPED sTemp = "Servicio detenido" Case SERVICE_START_PENDING sTemp = "Servicio iniciado pendiente" Case SERVICE_STOP_PENDING sTemp = "Servicio detenido pendiente" Case SERVICE_RUNNING sTemp = "Servicio iniciado" Case SERVICE_CONTINUE_PENDING sTemp = "The Service is in the process of being Continued" Case SERVICE_PAUSE_PENDING sTemp = "The Service is in the process of being Paused" Case SERVICE_PAUSED sTemp = "el servicio está en pausa" Case SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP sTemp = "The Service is Stopped" Case SERVICE_ACCEPT_PAUSE_CONTINUE sTemp = "The Service is " Case SERVICE_ACCEPT_SHUTDOWN sTemp = "The Service is being Shutdown" End Select List1.AddItem "Service Status : " & sTemp ' configuración ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ReDim abConfig(0) As Byte lRet = QueryServiceConfig(hSVC, abConfig(0), 0&, lBytesNeeded) If lRet = 0 And Err.LastDllError <> ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER Then MsgBox "Error - " & Err.LastDllError End If ReDim abConfig(lBytesNeeded) As Byte lRet = QueryServiceConfig(hSVC, abConfig(0), lBytesNeeded, _ lBytesNeeded) If lRet = 0 Then MsgBox "Error - " & Err.LastDllError GoTo CloseHandles End If CopyMemory udtConfig, abConfig(0), Len(udtConfig) With List1 .AddItem "Service Type: " & udtConfig.dwServiceType .AddItem "Service Start Type: " & udtConfig.dwStartType .AddItem "Service Error Control: " & udtConfig.dwErrorControl sTemp = Space(255) lRet = lstrcpy(sTemp, udtConfig.lpBinaryPathName) .AddItem "Service Binary Path: " & sTemp lRet = lstrcpy(sTemp, udtConfig.lpDependencies) .AddItem "Dependencias: " & sTemp lRet = lstrcpy(sTemp, udtConfig.lpDisplayName) .AddItem "Nombre del servicio: " & sTemp lRet = lstrcpy(sTemp, udtConfig.lpLoadOrderGroup) .AddItem "Service LoadOrderGroup: " & sTemp lRet = lstrcpy(sTemp, udtConfig.lpServiceStartName) .AddItem "Service Start Name: " & sTemp End With CloseHandles: ' Cierra el handle del servicio abierto CloseServiceHandle (hSVC) CloseServiceHandle (hSCM) End Sub Private Sub Combo1_Click() ' le pasa el nombre como parámetro Call Obtener_Info_Service(Combo1.Text) End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() ' agrega algunos nombres de servicios al combo para el ejemplo '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' With Combo1 ' actualizaciones automáticas de windows .AddItem "wuauserv" 'Servicio de la ayuda y soporte técnico del equipo .AddItem "helpsvc" ' servicio para conexiones de red .AddItem "netman" 'Servicio de Explorador de SQL Server .AddItem "sqlbrowser" End With End Sub

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